Tanganyika formed German East Africa Protectorate in late 19th century, under British Mandate after WWI, and then UN trusteeship from 1946. Zanzibar under British protectorate from1890. Tanganyika and Zanzibar achieved independence in 1961 and 1963, respectively, and unified to form United Republic of Tanzania in April 1964. Two units have separate legislative, executive and judicial institutions. Personal status law comes under areas defined as "non-union", thus Marriage Act applying in mainland Tanzania not applicable in Zanzibar. Prior to 1971, Muslims, Christian, Hindu and customary laws governed marriage and divorce, in addition to civil marriage regime. Uniform Marriage Act passed into law in Tanganyika in 1971, integrating existing marriage laws while preserving right to religious solemnisation and option of polygamy.
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